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FinalCall.com News
World News
U.S. 'evidence' about Iranian weapons falls apart
By Gareth Porter
Updated Jun 3, 2008 - 4:04:00 PM
WASHINGTON (IPS/GIN) - The U.S. military command in Iraq continues to talk about an alleged pipeline of Iranian weapons to Iraqi Shiites, implying that these opponents of the U.S. occupation have become dependent on Iran for indirect-fire weapons and rocket-propelled grenades.
But U.S. officials have failed thus far to provide evidence that would support that claim, and a long-delayed U.S. military report on Iranian arms is unlikely to offer any data on what proportion of the weapons in the hands of Shiite fighters are from Iran and what proportion comes from purchases on the open market.
When Maj. Gen. Kevin Bergner was asked that question at a briefing May 8, he did not answer it directly. Instead Maj. Gen. Bergner reverted to a standard U.S. military line that these groups “could not do what they’re doing without the support of foreign support.” Then he defined “foreign support” to include training and funding as well as weapons, implicitly conceding that he did not have much of a case based on weapons alone.
Maj. Gen. Bergner’s refusal to address that question reflects a fundamental problem with the U.S. claims about Iranian weapons in Iraq: If there are indeed any Iranian rockets, mortars and rocket-propelled grenades in the Mahdi Army’s arsenal of stand-off weapons, they represent an insignificant part of it.
Reports by the U.S. command in Iraq over the past 15 months cited only a handful of Iranian weapons out of hundreds counted in caches found in Shiite areas. Nearly 700 mortars and rockets were reported by specific caliber size, along with a handful of rocket-propelled grenades, in nearly two dozen caches. Of that total, only four rockets were reported as being of Iranian origin, and another 15 were listed as possibly being Iranian.
Although those reports do not represent all the Mahdi Army caches found, they provide further evidence of the relative importance of Iranian rockets, mortars and rocket-propelled grenades in the Mahdi Army arsenal. That is because U.S. military officials are so eager to publicize any discovery of an Iranian-made weapon system that they would exploit any opportunity available to do so.
The U.S. command has gone so far as to claim that it had found “four Iranian hand grenades”—but they were in a cache of weapons found in an al-Qaeda area.
Based on weapons caches discovered over the past 15 months, the Mahdi Army has relied overwhelmingly on four types of heavy weapons: 60 mm and 120 mm mortars, 107 mm rockets, and 57 mm anti-tank missiles.
Those are essentially the same mortars and rockets that have turned up in al-Qaeda and Sunni insurgent weapons caches, suggesting that both groups have obtained their heavier weapons from the international arms market. In fact, 60 mm and 120 mm mortars were used by Sunni guerrillas in the very early months of the war against U.S. occupation troops.
A U.S. explosives expert, Maj. Marty Weber, confirmed in April 2007 that most 107 mm rockets found in Iraq were Chinese-made. He claimed that Iran had repainted Chinese 60 mm and 107 mm rockets and sold them on the “open market.”
The U.S. military has refrained from making any charges against Iran over the 107 mm rockets found in Iraq, perhaps because it would support the conclusion that the Mahdi Army was buying weapons on the international market rather than obtaining them from the Iranian Revolutionary Guard Corps.
U.S. officials tried to capitalize on the increased mortar and rocket attacks on the Green Zone and U.S. military headquarters last year to argue that they were the result of a rising tide of Iranian supply of such stand-off weapons—particularly 240 mm rockets—to what the U.S. command calls “special groups” of Shiite militiamen.
One U.S. official, who insisted on being identified only as a “senior official,” said in mid-September 2007 that rockets and mortars provided by Iran since the beginning of that year—and especially 240 mm rockets—were doing much greater damage because of their greater accuracy and power compared with the older Katyusha rockets—mostly from Iraqi stocks—that had been employed in attacking U.S. bases and the Green Zone in previous years.
But evidence from the U.S. command itself contradicts that dramatic narrative of a bold, new Iranian intervention in the war. A press release from the Multi-National Force in Iraq dated June 1, 2007, reported that a cache of weapons had been found in an area from which Mahdi Army troops had fired rockets at the Green Zone. It did not claim any Iranian rockets or mortars in the cache of weapons.
